sultan kingThe Sultan of Brunei is the monarchical head of state of Brunei and head of government in his capacity as prime minister of Brunei. [1] Since independence from the British in 1984, onlyMaḥmūd of Ghazna (rened ad 998–1030) was the first Muslim ruler to be called sultan by his contemporaries, and under the Seljuqs of Anatolia and Iran it became a regular title.